ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A review on fiber optic sensor used in electronics industry, internet of things, and new generation optical communications networks
Fiber-optic sensors available in the market used to measure physical quantities such as electrical and magnetic fields, electrical current, temperature, pressure, acceleration, flow of liquids and gases, and measurement of fluid levels in various industries. As of today, due to the growing use of fiber optics, manufacturers of many machineries and control systems have been keen on using these sensors in manufacturing products. In this paper, due to the increasing importance of optical sensors, especially in wireless sensor networks, in the Internet of things, and in optical fiber networks, these types of sensors have been widely studied over the past decades to date, and in terms of technical and their applications, have been reviewed and reported. The results of this article can be used for designers of these sensors in various industries and universities at undergraduate, post-graduate students, and senior physics and engineering departments.
https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1569_ae077dcd2c080aec2e3bc84af7766f6c.pdf
2020-02-20
659
672
10.47176/ijpr.19.4.5711
optical fiber sensors
electronic industry
physical quantity
optical communication networks
IoT
WSNs
F
Esmaili Seraji
feseraji@itrc.ac.ir
1
Department of Optical Telecommunication, Institute of Communication Technology, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
M
Ghanbarisabagh
m.ghanbarisabagh@um.edu.my
2
Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, Islamic Azad University North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
ِD
Ranjbar Rafi
ranjbar@itrc.ac.ir
3
دانشکدة فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Holographic complexity for R2 and R3 gravities
In this paper, the second and third order corrections of the curvature tensor to the holographic complexity of a temperature state in the coherent field theory are studied. Dual geometry of this temperate state is Schwarzschild's anti deSitter black hole geometry. The calculations made in this paper show that considering these new sentences will only appear as a constant coefficient in the final result, that is the rate of complexity growth over long periods of time.
https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1570_e90e25c721e876663a3e5d68f43a6437.pdf
2020-02-20
673
681
10.47176/ijpr.19.4.36651
AdS / CFT duality
quantum complexity
black hole
A
Naseh
naseh@ipm.ir
1
پژوهشگاه دانش های بنیادی ، پژوهشکده ذرات و شتابگرها
LEAD_AUTHOR
Gh
Jafari
ghjafari@ipm.ir
2
پژوهشگاه دانش های بنیادی ، پژوهشکده ذرات و شتابگرها
AUTHOR
H
Zolfi
hamed.zolfi@physics.sharif.edu
3
پژوهشگاه دانش های بنیادی ، پژوهشکده ذرات و شتابگرها و دانشگاه صنعتی شریف،دانشکده فیزیک
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Hydrophobic and oleophilic cotton fabrics for efficient oil-water separation
through low-pressure plasma polymerization
In recent years, the increase of industrial effluents in the petrochemical sector, in particular, the leakage of oil and the draining of industrial effluents in rivers, has created serious environmental hazards and huge economic losses in the world. In the past decade, the use of hydrophobic and oleophilic fabrics has been considered as a way to clean up contaminants through the absorption and separation of pollutants from industrial effluents. In this research, the low-pressure plasma polymerization method based on eco-friendly materials like Polydimethylsiloxane was used to fabricate hydrophobic and oleophilic cotton fabric. Also a low-pressure oxygen plasma pre-treatment was performed before plasma polymerization to improve bonding between created layer and cotton fabric Contact angle test and absorption capacity test was used to represent hydrophobicity of coated fabric and to measure the absorbance ability of different oils. Also scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe morphological changes on the surface of cotton fibers and Infrared Fourier transform (FTIR-ATR) spectroscopy to detect the chemical bonds created on the surface of fibers. Water-oil separation efficiency test and laundering test have been conducted to determine the separation rate and to represent durability of coated cotton, respectively. The water contact angle of coated cotton fabric was 143±3 and approximately this high hydrophobicity behavior remained after 10 cycle laundering. Also SEM results showed that the surface of fibers was covered by a random distribution of several microscale structures or a hierarchical surface structure like the lotus leaf. Our Water-oil separation tests demonstrated that coated fabrics had separation efficiency between 80 until 100 percent for most of the industrial oil, even after 15 cycles at 250 c and 900 c. These results indicate that coated cotton fabrics with plasma polymerization method has a high potential for application in water-oil separation and selective oil absorption. The fabrics are promising for the development an environmental friendly and recyclable separation of oil from water.
https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1571_f1a408d2f296b66565c31f3bd1ec184b.pdf
2020-02-20
683
690
10.47176/ijpr.19.4.29461
polydimethylsiloxane
plasma polymerization
hydrophobic-oleophilic fabrics
water-oil separation
L
Ghorbani
leilaghorbani42@yahoo.com
1
Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
A
Khatibi
a_khatibi@sbu.ac.ir
2
. Faculty of Physics, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
B
Shokri
b-shokri@sbu.ac.ir
3
Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran. Faculty of Physics, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
D Caschera, B Cortese, A Mezzi, M Brucale, G Maria Ingo, G Gigli, and G Padelettiet. “Ultra Hydrophobic/ Superhydrophilic Modi fi ed Cotton Textiles through Functionalized Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings for Self- Cleaning Applications”, Langmuir 29 (2013) 2775.
1
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18
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Investigation of Lambda p invariant mass spectrum in K^--d --->Lambda p pi reaction
In the present work, the in-flight kaon interaction on the deuteron target at incident momentum of is investigated in the channel by a phenomenological potential model. By considering the effect of resonance in the invariant mass spectra comes fromreaction, and a comparison between theoretical spectra and Braun’s data, we found the best theoretical spectrum fitted to the experimental data. The energy and width of resonance state are respectively extracted and from the fitting process.
https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1572_9e973990f241fbe6646adc5c1c035b94.pdf
2020-02-20
691
697
10.47176/ijpr.19.4.8195
kaonic nuclei
interaction and resonance state
M
Daneshmand Dizicheh
saaghi70@yahoo.com
1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
AUTHOR
J
Esmaili
jesmaili@ph.iut.ac.ir
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
S
Marri
s.marri@ph.iut.ac.ir
3
Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
AUTHOR
ج اسماعیلی، تعیین جرم و پهنای از طریق جذب تشدیدی کائون منفی متوقف شده در هستههای سبک و بررسی سیستم هستهای با استفاده از روش فدیف، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان (1390).
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29. M Hassanvand, Iranian J. Phys.Res. 16, 1 (2016) 75.
35
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The thermodynamics of the FRW universe in scalar-twist
gravitational theories
In this paper, we study the validity of the laws of thermodynamics in the form of a far parallel gravitational theory with an incomplete coupling between curves and scalar fields. To this end, we consider the FRW flat world, showing that the first and second laws of thermodynamics lie in its dynamic apparent horizon. We further assume that the universe is enclosed by the cosmological event horizon, such that in this case the first law of thermodynamics is valid, but the second law of thermodynamics is applied to the selected incomplete model, depending on the energy-momentum tensor components derived.
https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1573_4483da280cdbb98b23207b49fb7d353f.pdf
2020-02-20
699
706
10.47176/ijpr.19.4.37001
cosmology
modified gravity
far parallel gravity
incomplete coupling
thermodynamics
T
Azizi
t.azizi@umz.ac.ir
1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
D N Spergel, et al., Astrophys. J. Suppl. 170 (2007) 377.
1
S Perlmutter, et al., Astrophys. J. 598 (2003) 102.
2
E Hawkins, et al., Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 346 (2003) 78.
3
D J Eisentein, et al., Astrophys. J. 633 (2005) 560.
4
B Jain and A Taylor, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 (2003) 141302.
5
E J Copeland, M Sami and S Tsujikawa, Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 15 (2006) 1753.
6
T P Sotiriou and V Faraoni, Rev. Mod. Phys. 82 (2010) 451.
7
A Einsteinz, Sitzungsber. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Phys. Math. Kl. 217 (1928) 224.
8
K Hayashi and T Shirafuji, Phys. Rev. D. 19 (1979) 3524.
9
E V Linder, Phys. Rev. D. 81 (2010) 127301.
10
R Ferraro and F Fiorini, Phys. Rev. D. 75 (2007) 084031.
11
G R Bengochea and R Ferraro, Phys. Rev. D. 79 (2009) 124019 .
12
P Wu and H Yu, Phys. Lett. B 692 (2010) 176.
13
P Wu and H Yu, Eur .Phys. J. C 71 (2011) 1552.
14
م عطازاده و ع اقبالی، مجلة پژوهش فیزیک ایران 18 1 (۱۳۹۷) ۲۳.
15
15. M Atazadeh and A Eghbali, Iranian J. Phys. Res. 18 1 (2018) 23.
16
M R Setare and N Mohammadipour, JCAP 1211 (2012) 030.
17
Sh Chen, J B Dent, Sourish Dutta and E N Saridakis, Phys. Rev. D. 83 (2011) 023508.
18
C -Q Geng, C -C Lee, E N Saridakis and Y -P Wu, Phys. Lett. B 704 (2011) 384.
19
G Otalora, JCAP 1307 (2013) 044.
20
G Otalora, Phys. Rev. D. 88 (2013) 063505.
21
C -Q Geng, J -A Gu and C -C Lee, Phys. Rev. D. 88 (2013) 024030.
22
H M Sadjadi, Phys. Rev. D. 87 (2013) 064028.
23
S W Hawking, Com. Math. Phys. 43 (1975) 199.
24
J D Bekenstein, Phys. Rev. D. 7 (1973) 2333.
25
T Jacobson, Phys. Rev Lett. 75 (1995) 1260.
26
R G Cai and S P Kim, JHEP 02 (2005) 050.
27
M Akbar and R G Cai, Phys. Rev. D. 75 (2007) 084003.
28
C Eling, R Guedens and T Jacobson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 (2006) 121301.
29
A Sheykhi, B Wang and R-G Cai, Nucl. Phys. B. 779 (2007) 1.
30
M Akbar and R G Cai, Phys. Lett. B. 648 (2007) 243.
31
Y Gong and A Wang, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 (2007) 211301.
32
A Sheykhi, JCAP 05 (2009) 019.
33
K Bamba and C Q Geng, Phys. Lett. B 679 (2009) 282.
34
K Karami and S Ghaffari, Phys. Lett. B 688 (2010) 125.
35
م آقائی آبچویه، ب میرزا و ح نادی، مجلة پژوهش فیزیک ایران 14 4 (۱۳۹3) ۲9۳.
36
35. M Aghaei Abchouyeh, B Mirza, B Mirza, and H Nadi, Iranian J. Phys. Res. 14 4 (2015) 293.
37
T Azizi and N Borhani, Astrophys. Space Sci. 357 (2015) 146.
38
T Azizi and N Borhani, Adv. High Energy Phys. 2017 (2017) 6839050.
39
B Wang, Y. Gong and E. Abdalla, Phys. Lett. B. 624 (2005) 141.
40
N Mazumder and S Chakraborty, Class. Quant. Grav. 26 (2009) 195016.
41
N Mazumder and S Chakraborty, Gen. Rel. Grav. 42 (2010) 813.
42
S A Hayward, Class. Quant. Grav. 15 (1998) 3147.
43
F Q Tu and Yi Xin. Chen, EPJC 76 (2016) 28.
44
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Investigating the diameter effect of gold and silver nanoshells with specific outsider diagonal on localized surface pasmon resonance by the FDTD method
In this research, localized surface plasmon resonance spectra for single spherical gold nanoparticles with radius between 20 to 55nm in environments of different refractive indices between 1 and 1.8 has been studied by Finite Different Time Domain method. In this simulations, plasmon resonance frequency is determined for each nanoparticle with optimized mesh size, and is compared with the results of Mie theory. Moreover, using these results, plasmonic propertis of gold nanoshells of various diameters were studied in air (n=1) and water (n=1.33). Plasmon resonance has been calculated for nanoshells and it was concluded that in different environments, gold nanoshells with outer radius of 20 nanometers and diameter of 12 nanometers have their plasmonic spectrum are associated on gold nanosphere with the same outer radius. frequency for nanoshells has been calculated. The plasmon resonance peak shift for various nanoparticles is plotted versus refractive indices. Finally, the most sensitive and most insennitive of nanoparticles to the refractive index of the environment has been discussed for sensing applications.
https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1584_0edfe61adcfd7e3534ca5998bf71eba1.pdf
2020-02-20
707
719
10.47176/ijpr.19.4.4874
surface plasmons
gold nanoparticles
nanosensors
finite different time domain method
H
Zafari
h.zafari@ph.iut.ac.ir
1
Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
AUTHOR
P
Sahebsara
sahebsara@cc.iut.ac.ir
2
Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mehdi
Torabi
mehdi.torabi@ph.iut.ac.ir
3
Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
AUTHOR
M
Ranjbar
ranjbar@cc.iut.ac.ir
4
Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
AUTHOR
D N Spergel, et al., Astrophys. J. Suppl. 170 (2007) 377.
1
S Perlmutter, et al., Astrophys. J. 598 (2003) 102.
2
E Hawkins, et al., Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 346 (2003) 78.
3
D J Eisentein, et al., Astrophys. J. 633 (2005) 560.
4
B Jain and A Taylor, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 (2003) 141302.
5
E J Copeland, M Sami and S Tsujikawa, Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 15 (2006) 1753.
6
T P Sotiriou and V Faraoni, Rev. Mod. Phys. 82 (2010) 451.
7
A Einsteinz, Sitzungsber. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Phys. Math. Kl. 217 (1928) 224.
8
K Hayashi and T Shirafuji, Phys. Rev. D. 19 (1979) 3524.
9
10. E V Linder, Phys. Rev. D. 81 (2010) 127301.
10
11. R Ferraro and F Fiorini, Phys. Rev. D. 75 (2007) 084031.
11
12. G R Bengochea and R Ferraro, Phys. Rev. D. 79 (2009) 124019 .
12
13. P Wu and H Yu, Phys. Lett. B 692 (2010) 176.
13
14. P Wu and H Yu, Eur .Phys. J. C 71 (2011) 1552.
14
15. م عطازاده و ع اقبالی، مجلة پژوهش فیزیک ایران 18 1 (۱۳۹۷) ۲۳.
15
15. M Atazadeh and A Eghbali, Iranian J. Phys. Res. 18 1 (2018) 23.
16
16. M R Setare and N Mohammadipour, JCAP 1211 (2012) 030.
17
17. Sh Chen, J B Dent, Sourish Dutta and E N Saridakis, Phys. Rev. D. 83 (2011) 023508.
18
18. C -Q Geng, C -C Lee, E N Saridakis and Y -P Wu, Phys. Lett. B 704 (2011) 384.
19
19. G Otalora, JCAP 1307 (2013) 044.
20
20. G Otalora, Phys. Rev. D. 88 (2013) 063505.
21
21. C -Q Geng, J -A Gu and C -C Lee, Phys. Rev. D. 88 (2013) 024030.
22
22. H M Sadjadi, Phys. Rev. D. 87 (2013) 064028.
23
23. S W Hawking, Com. Math. Phys. 43 (1975) 199.
24
24. J D Bekenstein, Phys. Rev. D. 7 (1973) 2333.
25
25. T Jacobson, Phys. Rev Lett. 75 (1995) 1260.
26
26. R G Cai and S P Kim, JHEP 02 (2005) 050.
27
27. M Akbar and R G Cai, Phys. Rev. D. 75 (2007) 084003.
28
28. C Eling, R Guedens and T Jacobson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 (2006) 121301.
29
29. A Sheykhi, B Wang and R-G Cai, Nucl. Phys. B. 779 (2007) 1.
30
30. M Akbar and R G Cai, Phys. Lett. B. 648 (2007) 243.
31
31. Y Gong and A Wang, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 (2007) 211301.
32
32. A Sheykhi, JCAP 05 (2009) 019.
33
33. K Bamba and C Q Geng, Phys. Lett. B 679 (2009) 282.
34
34. K Karami and S Ghaffari, Phys. Lett. B 688 (2010) 125.
35
35. م آقائی آبچویه، ب میرزا و ح نادی، مجلة پژوهش فیزیک ایران 14 4 (۱۳۹3) ۲9۳.
36
35. M Aghaei Abchouyeh, B Mirza, B Mirza, and H Nadi, Iranian J. Phys. Res. 14 4 (2015) 293.
37
36. T Azizi and N Borhani, Astrophys. Space Sci. 357 (2015) 146.
38
37. T Azizi and N Borhani, Adv. High Energy Phys. 2017 (2017) 6839050.
39
38. B Wang, Y. Gong and E. Abdalla, Phys. Lett. B. 624 (2005) 141.
40
39. N Mazumder and S Chakraborty, Class. Quant. Grav. 26 (2009) 195016.
41
40. N Mazumder and S Chakraborty, Gen. Rel. Grav. 42 (2010) 813.
42
41. S A Hayward, Class. Quant. Grav. 15 (1998) 3147.
43
F Q Tu and Yi Xin. Chen, EPJC 76 (2016) 28
44
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Surface plasmon-polariton modes polygonal chiral thin films
In this research, the surface plasmon-polariton modes at interface of a metal and a polygonal chiral thin film in Kretschman configuration theoretically have been studied. With depiction of optical absorption spectra for P-linear polarized incident light, the surface plasmonic modes from the waveguide modes have been distinguished. The effect of structural parameters such as the thickness of polygonal chiral thin film, the thickness of metallic thin film and the growth angle of chiral columns on the propagation of plasmonic modes has been investigated. The results showd that more than one plasmonic mode can be excited at interface of a polygonal chiral thin film and a metal.
https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1574_43f83e6461c7b108971303f3ea313ab6.pdf
2020-02-20
721
727
10.47176/ijpr.19.4.28254
surface plasmon- polariton
polygonal chiral thin film
F
Babaei
fbabaei@qom.ac.ir
1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Qom University, Qom, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
V
Bikdelo
bigdelo_vahid@yahoo.com
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Qom University, Qom, Iran
AUTHOR
J A Polo Jr and A Lakhtakia, Proc. R. Soc. A 465 (2009) 87.
1
A Lakhtakia, Opt. Commun 279, 2 (2007) 291.
2
R H Ritchie, Phys. Rev. 106 (1957) 874.
3
S E Swiontek, D P Pulsifer, and A Lakhtakia, Proc. SPIE 8833 (2013) 883309.
4
J A Polo Jr, T G Mackay, and A Lakhtakia, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 28, 11 (2011) 2656.
5
K Robbie, M J Brett, and A Lakhtakia, Nature 384 (1996) 616.
6
K Robbie,and M J Brett, J. Vac. Sci .Tech A. 15, 3 (1997) 1460.
7
H Savaloni, F Babaei, S Song,and F Placido, App. Sur. Sci. 255, 18 (2009) 8041.
8
H Savaloni, F Babaei, S Song, and F Placido, Vacuum 85, 7 (2011) 776.
9
K Robbie, J C Sit , and M J Brett, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 16, 5 ( 1998) 1115.
10
A C van Popta, M J Brett, and J C Sit, J. Appl. Phys. 98, 8 (2005) 083517 .
11
F Babaei, J. Mod. Opt 60, 16 (2013) 1370.
12
F Babaei, J. Mod.Opt 60,11 (2013) 886.
13
F Babaei, and S Shafiian-Barzoki, Plasmonics 9, 3(2014) 595.
14
F Babaei, and S Shafiian-Barzoki, Plasmonics 9, 6(2014) 1481.
15
م حسینیان، م س حسینیان، س خوشنویس و ف کاشانیان، مجلۀپژوهشفیزیکایران 15، 4 (1394) 441.
16
16. M Hoseinian, M Hoseinian, S Khoshnevis, and F Kashanian, Iranian J. Phys. Res. 15, 4 (2016) 441.
17
م شریفی، ح پ عدل، ح تجلی و ع بهرامپور، مجلۀپژوهش فیزیکایران 16، 2 (1395) 133.
18
17. M Sharifi, H Pashaei Adl, and H Tajalli, A Bahrampour, Iranian J. Phys. Res. 16, 2 (2016) 133.
19
م مرادبیگی، ن دانشفر و ط ناصری، مجلۀ پژوهش فیزیک ایران 17، 5 (1396) 709.
20
18. N Daneshfar, M Moradbeigi, and T Naseri, Iranian J. Phys. Res. 17, 5 (2018) 709.
21
M Faryad, J A Polo Jr, and A Lakhtakia, J. Nanophoton 4, 1 (2010) 043505.
22
M Faryad and A Lakhtakia, J. Opt. 12 (2010) 085102.
23
S E Swiontek and A Lakhtakia, J. Nanophoton 10, 3 (2016) 033008.
24
S E Swiontek, D P Pulsifer, and A Lakhtakia, Sci. Rep. 3 (2013) 1409.
25
A Lakhtakia, Y J Jen, C-F Lin, J. Nanophoton 3, 1 (2009) 033506.
26
S H Hosseininezhad and F Babaei, Plasmonics 13, 6(2018) 1867.
27
I Hodgkinson, Q H Wu, and J Hazel, Appl.Opt 37, 13(1998) 2653.
28
A Lakhtakia,Opt.Commun. 261, 2(2006) 213.
29
M Faryad and A Lakhtakia, Phy. Rev. A 83 (2011) 013814.
30
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Study of the collection solid angle of doubly curved crystals
An approach to obtain a maximum solid angle is the use of curved crystals. Therefore, in order to make these crystals useful in X-ray spectrometry, it is necessary to design them in such a way that they have high solid angle and reflectivity. In this paper, a nearly exact general equation for calculating the solid angle and area factor on the surface of several curved crystal geometries is extracted and compared with the previous results. Wittry and Sun's shortcut method for calculating the solid angle, and also, its trial and error method for maximizing the solid angle and introducing exact point-focusing crystal geometry is reviewed, and it is shown that for some crystal geometries are not responsive. By writing an algorithm for calculating the solid angle and the area factor for ââall of the crystal geometries, we show that they are in agreement with the results of the analytical method.
https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1575_fc22487d71704e40036f5dd311eb04e8.pdf
2020-02-20
729
744
10.47176/ijpr.19.4.34752
collection solid angle
toroidally bent X-ray diffractors
effective scattering area on the crystal surface
point-focusing crystal geometry
S J
Pestehe
1
Department of Physics, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
AUTHOR
Gh
Askari Germi
rezaasgari693@gmail.com
2
Department of Science, Azerbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
A R
Rastkar Ebrahimzadeh
3
Department of Science, Azerbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
AUTHOR
D B Wittry and S. Sun, J. Appl. Phys. 67 (1990) 1633.
1
D B Wittry and S.Sun, J. Appl. Phys. 68 (1990) 387.
2
م هـ ملکی، م امیرحمزه تفرشی، ر امرالهی و س پ عباسی، کنفرانس فیزیک ایران (دانشگاه لرستان) (1384).
3
ع حسین زاده، غ اطاعتی، ن وثوقی، بیست و یکمین کنفرانس هستهای ایران (دانشگاه اصفهان) 1 (1394).
4
ا غلام پورآژیر، س امیری، ح خسروآبادی، ج رحیقی و م لامعی رشتی، مجلة پژوهش فیزیک ایران 15،2 (1394) 197.
5
5. A Gholampour Azhir, S Amiri, H Khosroabadi, J Rahighi, and M Lamehi Rachti, Iranian J. Phys. Res. 15, 2, 59 (2015) 197.
6
D B Wittry and W Z Chang, J. Appl. Phys., 72 (1992) 3440.
7
D B Wittry and N C Barbi, Microsc. Microanal 7 (2001) 124.
8
W Z Chang and D B Wittry, J. Appl. Phys. 74 (1993) 2999.
9
D B Wittry and S Sun, J. Appl. Phys. 71 (1992) 564.
10
S J Pestehe and G Askari, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 29 (2012) 68.
11
S J Pestehe and G Askari, J. Appl. Cryst. 45 (2012) 890.
12
S Sun, University of Southern California, PhD thesis (1992).
13
S Seshadri, University of Southern California, PhD thesis (1998).
14
D B Wittry and D M Golijanin, J. Appl. Phys. Lett. 52 (1988) 1381.
15
D M Golijanin and D B Wittry, “Microbeam Analysis”, San Francisco Press, San Francisco(1988) 397.
16
D B Wittry and S Sun, J. Appl. Phys. 69 (1991) 3886.
17
D B Wittry, W Z Chang, and L RY, J. Appl. Phys. 74 (1993) 3534.
18
W Z Chang, University of Southern California, PhD Thesis (1992).
19
Z Chen, University of Southern California, PhD Thesis (1997).
20
غ عسکری و س ج پستهای، هفدهمین گردهمایی فیزیک ماده چگال تحصیلات تکمیلی علوم پایه زنجان، خرداد (1390)، 225.
21
غ عسکری و س ج پستهای، پنجمین همایش ملی فیزیک دانشگاه پیام نور تبریز، مهر (1390) 168.
22
س ج پستهای و غ عسکری، پنجمین همایش ملی فیزیک دانشگاه پیام نورتبریز مهر (1390) 180.
23
غ عسکری، س ج پستهای و ع راستکار ابراهیم زاده، پنجمین همایش ملی گوهرشناسی و بلورشناسی ایران، زنجان (1397).
24
س ج پستهای و غ عسکری، پنجمین همایش ملی فیزیک، دانشگاه پیام نورتبریز، مهر (1390) 174.
25
س ج پستهای و غ عسکری، هجدهمین کنفرانس اپتیک و فوتونیک ایران، تبریز، بهمن (1390) 391.
26
غ عسکری و س ج پستهای، پنجمین همایش ملی فیزیک، دانشگاه پیام نورتبریز، مهر (1390) 836.
27
س ج پستهای و غ عسکری، کنفرانس فیزیک ایران، دانشگاه یزد، شهریور (1391) 2690.
28
G Askari, S J Pestehe, and A Rastkar Ebrahimzadeh, J. Appl. Cryst. 50 (2017) 1.
29
ع راستکار ابراهیم زاده، غ عسکری و س ج پستهای، انجمن همایش ملی گوهرشناسی و بلور شناسی ایران، زنجان (1397).
30
س ج پستهای، غ عسکری و ع راستکار ابراهیم زاده، پنجمین همایش ملی گوهرشناسی و بلور شناسی ایران، زنجان (1937).
31
غ عسکری، س ج پستهای و ع راستکار ابراهیم زاده، پنجمین همایش ملی گوهرشناسی و بلور شناسی ایران، زنجان (1397).
32
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Studying the dynamic parameters of the plasma pellet produced by
helium jet in the presence of different ambient gases
In this paper, dynamical parameters of a plasma bullet (guided ionization wave) were studied in different gases such as oxygen, nitrogen and dry air. The dynamics of a plasma bullet, which is generated by a 30 kHz atmospheric pressure helium plasma jet, was measured using a high-speed ICCD camera from the starting moment of propagation at the end of the jet’s capillary to the vanishing point in the surrounding gas. The plasma bullet has different propagation velocity, diameter and propagation length in different surrounding gases. The velocity of the plasma bullet is higher in oxygen and dry air compared to nitrogen and reaches up to 18 km/s. The maximum propagation length is 12 mm in nitrogen and dry air. The spectroscopic emission of helium plasma jet was also measured to investigate the chemical species in different surrounding gases. The result of this study shows the influence of the surrounding gas on the propagation of plasma bullets and especially the role of oxygen in the propagation mechanism.
https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1585_08ba081890935305ca8c2e5b67a25a85.pdf
2020-02-20
745
754
10.47176/ijpr.19.4.35831
plasma pellet
plasma jet
guided ionizing wave
ultrafast camera
ambient gas
emission length
H
Ghomi
h-gmdashty@sbu.ac.ir
1
Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
S
Razavizadeh
s_razavizadeh@sbu.ac.ir
2
Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
G Fridman, G Friedman, A Gutsol, A B Shekhter, V N Vasilets and A Fridman, Applied plasma medicine Plasma Processes and Polymers 5 (2008) 503.
1
M Laroussi, Plasma Sci. 37 (2009) 714–25
2
M Laroussi, Plasma Sci. 43 (2015) 703.
3
F Sohbatzadeh, M Bagheri, and S Motallebi, Iran. J. Phys. Res. 16, 4 (2017) 291.
4
4. ف صحبتزاده، م باقری و س مطلبی، مجلة پژوهش فیزیک ایران 16 4 (1395) 291.
5
M Teschke, J Kedzierski, E G Finantu-Dinu, D Korzec and J Engemann, Plasma Sci.c 33 (2005) 310.
6
E Karakas, M A Akman, and M Laroussi, Plasma Sources Science and Technology. 21, 3 (2012) 034016.
7
SN Siadati, F Sohbatzadeh, and SK Alavi, Electrical and optical investigations of plasma bullets driven by different. Physica Scripta. 90, 8 (2015) 085602.
8
X Lu and M Laroussi, J. Appl. Phys. 100 (2006) 063302.
9
X Lu, M Laroussi and V Puech, Plasma Sources Science and Technology 21 (2012) 034005
10
X Lu, G V Naidis, M Laroussi and K Ostrikov, Phys. Rep. 540 (2014) 123.
11
Y Xian, P Zhang, X Pei and X Lu, IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 42 (2014) 2448.
12
A Schmidt-Bleker, S A Norberg, and J Winter, E Johnsen, S Reuter, K D Weltmann, and M J Kushner, Plasma Sources Science and Technology 24 (2015) 035022.
13
Y Xian, X Lu, J Liu, S Wu, D Liu, and Y Pan, Plasma Sources Science and Technology 21 (2012) 034013.
14
S Wu, Q Huang, Z Wang, and X Lu, IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 39 (2011) 2286.
15
M A Akman and M Laroussi, IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 41 (2013) 839.
16
J Y Won and P F Williams, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 35 (2002) 205.
17
T M Briels, E M Van Veldhuizen and U Ebert, IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 36 (2008) 906.
18
D Breden, K Miki, and L L Raja, Self-consistent two-dimensional modeling of cold atmospheric-pressure plasma jets / bullets Plasma Sources Science and Technology 21 (2012) 034011.
19
E Slikboer, O Guaitella, and A Sobota, Time-resolved electric field measurements during and after the initialization of a kHz plasma jetrom streamers to guided streamers, Plasma Sources Science and Technology 25 (2016) 03LT04.
20
E Slikboer, E Garcia-Caurel, O Guaitella, and A Sobota, Charge transfer to a dielectric target by guided ionization waves using electric field measurements Plasma Sources Science and Technology 26 (2017) 035002.
21
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Holographic complexity growth in dissipative QFTs
We study the growth rate of holographic complexity in dissipative quantum field theories using the gauge/gravity duality. To do so we employ the complexity equals action proposal for computing the holographic complexity. We show that although in the late time regime the rate of growth of complexity approaches a constant value which is consistent with the Lloyd's bound, the constant is approached from above. We find that increasing the value of the dissipative parameters enhances the Lloyd's bound violation. We also investigate the dependence of critical time on dissipative parameters.
https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1582_2e6e76259721c6fadb6702788e000dcf.pdf
2020-02-20
755
762
10.47176/ijpr.19.4.35131
gauge/gravity duality
holographic complexity
Lloyd's bound
K
Babaei Velni
babaeivelni@guilan.ac.ir
1
Faculty of Physics, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
M R
Mohammadi Mozaffar
mmohammadi@guilan.ac.ir
2
Faculty of Physics, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Ghost dark energy model in the presence of a linear,
sign-changeable interaction
In the present work we consider to generalized ghost dark energy in presence of a sign changeable interaction term. We obtain evolving cosmic parameters and plot them. We find a good agreement between the model and observations in primary analysis. The plots reveal that decreasing b, the universe enters acceleration phase earlier while decreasing ð leads a delay in enterance to the acceleration phase. Next we present a stability analysis according to squared sound speed and find that increasing the model can achieve positive domain for squared sound speed which shows signs of stability. Finaly we discuss the statefinder analysis and see the model can catch {r=1,s=0} at late time.
https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1588_bfeb4b3d5006a501765be9766c978d35.pdf
2020-02-20
763
773
10.47176/ijpr.19.4.35251
cosmology
dark energy
interacting ghost dark energy
stability
E
Ebrahimi
eebrahimi@uk.ac.ir
1
Physics Faculty, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
H
Taghipour
2
Physics Faculty, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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Optical properties of C60 molecules: A quasi-static approximation
In this paper, the optical properties of a C60 molecule is studied within the framework of the quasi-static approximation. To do this, a C60 molecule is modeled by an infinitesimally thin spherical shell of the π and σ electrons and electronic excitations of this shell is described by means of the two-dimensional two-fluid hydrodynamic theory. At the first, general expression for polarizability of the system is obtained, by solving Laplace and hydrodynamic equations with appropriate boundary conditions. Then, by using the polarizability formula, the extinction spectrum of system is investigated which is in quite agreement with the result of the Mie theory. Also, the Maxwell-Garnett theory for the effective medium approximation of composite materials is developed to study the dielectric response of a composite of C60 molecules.
https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1576_66056c385a305c703d0c584a497977ff.pdf
2020-02-20
775
782
10.47176/ijpr.19.4.37561
C60 molecule
quasi-static approximation
Maxwell-Garnett theory
A
Moradi
a.moradi@kut.ac.ir
1
Department of Engineering Physics, Kermanshah University of Technology, Kermanshah, Iran
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Generation of the desired arrays of a perfect vortex beam
- In this paper, we introduce a novel diffraction element for generating any desired arrays of the vortex and perfect vortex beam. The method is based on combining radially phase shifted spiral zone plate with different gratings. We show that the element has a great potential in generating a variety of arrays with desired vortex ring radius and topological charges. We can assemble various vortex and perfect vortex beams not only in a lattice array but also in a tilted lattice or circular arrays. Reported vortex arrays are in the group of vortices having the same topological charge p so the total topological charge of MP which M the number of elements. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation predictions.
https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1577_2531bb118659d214c2e75b521a57245e.pdf
2020-02-20
783
793
10.47176/ijpr.19.4.29942
diffraction
Fresnel zone plate
vortex beam
perfect vortex beam
A
Sabatyan
a.sabatyan@urmia.ac.ir
1
Department of Physics, Science Faculty, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Z
Behjat
2
Department of Physics, Science Faculty, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
CMB dipole asymmetry through annular variance
Dipole asymmetry is among the most important anomalies in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). A dipole, if primordial, would challenge the isotropy of the Universe. In this work, we propose a novel method to find the direction of the dipole and its amplitude and assess its significance. The method is based on the comparison of annular variances on the sphere. We find the direction on the sphere around which the difference of the annular variances on the two hemispheres is maximized. By applying this algorithm on symmetric CMB simulations we get the distribution of the measured dipole amplitude for these null cases, providing us with the baseline for quantifying the significance of dipole amplitude of any other CMB maps. In particular, we find the statistical significance of the observed Planck dipole to be 1.6σ. Our simulations show that although the proposed method is not more powerful in detecting the dipole compared to other algorithms, its relatively low computational cost (performed in the pixel-space) is its advantage. This paves the way for a straightforward upgrade of the method which uses spherical caps instead of rings and thus, by increasing the number of pixels used in calculating the variance, improves the results significantly.
https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1586_d34074ec0a19ce59beb718195cd48a07.pdf
2020-02-20
795
801
10.47176/ijpr.19.4.37511
CMB random field
statistical isotropy
variance
M
Valipour
masood.no93@gmail.com
1
Department of Physics, Shahid Beheshti University, Velenjak, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
M
Farhang
m_farhang@sbu.ac.ir
2
Department of Physics, Shahid Beheshti University, Velenjak, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Planck Collaboration P. Ade, et al., A & A 594 )2016) A16.
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Bias factor in anisotropic stochastic fields
The geometrical and topological measures enable us to characterize stochastic field systematically, and the relation between weighted and unweighted N-point functions is provided. One of such relations is given by the bias factor. In this paper, based on peak statistics, we study the bias factor for stochastic and anisotropic fields. Accordingly, we present the analytical description of local and linear bias factor. Doing simulations, we examine the validation of the derived analytical relation. Our results show that at high threshold level and large spatial separation, there exists a good agreement between the analytical calculation and numerical computations.
https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1583_8c0ab8d753b2ba46c615c3d658ee1cc1.pdf
2020-02-20
803
814
10.47176/ijpr.19.4.10752
stochastic field
bias factor
anisotropy
geometrical and topological features
S M S
Movahed
m.s.movahed@ipm.ir
1
Department of Physics, Shahid Beheshti University, Velenjak, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
M
Bahraminasr
2
Ibn Sina lab. Department of Physics, Shahid Beheshti University, Velenjak, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A review on the reduction of data taken from a microlensing event
Data reduction is one the most important process of researches in astronomy and astrophysics. Data reduction process includes all steps which convert the crude astronomical images to the astrophysical events. These steps are similar for different astronomical events in which the brightness of one star changes with time, although they may be different in some details. This paper will help for learning or even doing data reduction of each astronomical event. Data reduction of microlensing events contains 7 stages in which first the crude images will be calibrated. Then, some of the best calibrated images will be chosen for making the reference images. The reference image helps for comparing all taken images to indicate how the source light changes versus time. For this propose all images should be registered to the reference images. Then, all images should be taken to the same scale. Finally, the resulted images will be subtracted from the reference image, to find the light curve of that desired source star.
https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1589_179aed14865ba8b9f2f6ae32f1a786b2.pdf
2020-02-20
815
823
10.47176/ijpr.19.4.27882
reduction of astronomical images
gravitational microlensing event
S
Sajadian
s.sajadian@cc.iut.ac.ir
1
Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
B
Adami
banafsheadami@gmail.com
2
Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
AUTHOR
M R
Mohammadi
mohammadreza600@gmail.com
3
Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Characterization of EUV and Soft X-ray emitted by plasma produced in a nanosecond laser field using AXUV Photo-Diode detector
Using AXUV (absolute extreme ultraviolet) photodiode, experimental results obtained for soft X-ray and EUV emission are presented. Plasma produced by nanosecond laser pulse laser system is applied with maximum energy of 250 mJ, pulse durations, 10-30 ns and wavelength, 1064 nm under interaction with steel-316 target. The energy of soft X-ray is observed to be approximately linearly proportional to the laser pulse energy. The soft X-ray and EUV emissions with specific signal was detected by AXUV photodiode with durations of about 15 ns and time delay about 20 ns relative to the laser pulse. The average energy conversion efficiency emission was determined to be about 2.5%.
https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1578_82611ebd1f20202ccc29420bb29ee5f9.pdf
2020-02-20
825
830
10.47176/ijpr.19.4.15204
AXUV photodiode
EUV emission
Soft X-ray
laser produced plasma
laser energy conversion efficiency
N
Morshedian
nmorshed@aeoi.org.ir
1
The Institute of Plasma and Fusion is available, the Institute of Science and Technology available, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
A H
Farahbod
afarahbod@aeoi.org.ir
2
The Institute of Plasma and Fusion is available, the Institute of Science and Technology available, Iran
AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Tilted-Lorentz symmetry
Dirac cone can be tilted in condensed matter setting. As a result of tilt, the Lorentz symmetry is reduced to what we call tilted-Lorentz symmetry. In this paper we derive the tilted-Lorentz transformations that leave a world with tilted Dirac cone invariant.
https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1579_1658aef251e300de3f0958b58c3752c2.pdf
2020-02-20
831
834
10.47176/ijpr.19.4.372
tilted Lorentz group
spacetime in solid state physics
S A
Jafari
akbar.jafari@gmail.com
1
Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
B Bradlyn, J Cano, Z Wang, M G Vergniory, C Felser, R J Cava, and B A Bernevig, Science 353 (2016) 6299.
1
T Farajollahpour, Z Faraei, and S A Jafari, Phys. Rev. B 99 (2019) 235150.
2
M I Katsnelson and M Iosifovich Kat︠s︡nelʹson. Graphene, “Carbon in Two Dimensions”, Cambridge university press (2012).
3
T Padmanabhan, Springer General Relativity and Gravitation 46, 3 (2014) 1673.
4
ک بیتقصیر فدافن و س مجرد لمن جویی، مجلة پژوهش فیزیک ایران، ۱۸، ۲ (۱۳۹۷) ۱۹۰.
5
5. K Bitaghsir Fadafan and S Mojarad Laman jouee, Iranian J. Phys. Res. 18, 2 (2018) 190.
6
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Laser wakefield generation by R, L, X and O modes in magnetized plasma
Short and intense laser pulse propagating in a plasma produces an electrostatic wakefield that is widely used in laser acceleration of charged particles. Amplitude of the wakefield depends on several factors, including the laser pulse polarization. Magnetized plasma is anisotropic for various laser polarization and in different condition, different modes can propagate in plasma. In this paper, we investigate the propagation conditions of each modes and with finding the governing equations, the excitation of wakefield due to the laser pulse with the different modes, including circular (R and L modes), elliptic (X mode) and linear (L mode) polarizations, will be determined. By using the forth-order Runge-Kutta algorithm, the differential equations, simultaneously have been solved. The results show that, the amplitude of the wakefield depends not only on the laser mode but also on the plasma density, external magnetic field and laser frequency.
https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1587_1f0a160018df7aa073152999071228f9.pdf
2020-02-20
835
850
10.47176/ijpr.19.4.23422
laser wakefield
Magnetized plasma
Laser pulse polarization
Y
Heydarzadeh
1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
AUTHOR
H
Akou
h.akou@nit.ac.ir
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The energy transfer between a pair of molecules (donor-acceptor) in the vicinity of a graphene-coated nanoparticle
In this paper, we study the energy transferred between a pair of acceptor-donor molecules near a graphene-coated metallic nanoparticle by using the Laplace equation in a quasi-static approximation. After performing theoretical calculations and computer simulations, the influence of the system parameters such as the refractive index of the environment and the contribution of multipolar in different modes on the energy exchanged between the pair of molecules and nanoparticles is analyzed and investigated. The results show that graphene coating enhances plasmon-plasmas coupling in the nanostructure, consequently, enhances the energy transferred between the two molecules and the nanoscale. Therefore, this structure could be used as a new route designing nano-based biosensors.
https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1580_88047cd8da2131a387650ad485e3cc07.pdf
2020-02-20
851
855
10.47176/ijpr.19.4.32341
energy exchanged
acceptor-donor molecule
nanoparticle
graphene
M
Jalilian
1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
AUTHOR
T
Naseri
tayebe.naseri@gmail.com
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
N
Daneshfar
3
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
AUTHOR
H Y Xie, H Y Chung, P T Leun and D P Tsai, Phys. Rev. B 80 (2015) 155448.
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4
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5
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6
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7
N Danshfar and A Yavari, Phys. Plasmas 23 (2016) 053303.
8
N Danshfar and A Yavari, Phys. Plasmas 25 (2018) 013301.
9
N Daneshfar, Molecules physics of plasmas, 22 (2015).
10
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Tunable surface polaritons of one-dimensional photonic crystal containing graphen-based hyperbolic metamaterials
In this paper, surface polaritons (SPs) at the interface of a semi-infinite homogeneous dielectric medium and a one-dimensional photonic crystal (PC) have been investigated theoretically. The PC is made of the alternate layers of an isotropic ordinary dielectric and a graphene-based hyperbolic metamaterial layers. The effective medium approach has been used for the study of the metamaterial layers and it is shown that they have hyperbolic dispersion in a certain frequency range at THz region. The obtained results show that the structure has some photonic band gaps in the hyperbolic and elliptical frequency regions for both TE and TM polarizations and can support the SPs in these frequency ranges. It is observed that the characteristics of the SPs depend on the geometrical parameters of the structure and optical parameters of the graphene monolayers. In the following, the electromagnetic field profiles of some SPs have been plotted and it is shown that the modes of the first band gap are more localized than the modes of the second band gap. Finally, the intensity distribution of a TM-polarized Gaussian beam inside and outside the PC has been simulated which is verifying the localization of the SPs at the interface of the structure.
https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1581_f99807fa548096ec2b28f37d8ce10609.pdf
2020-02-20
857
865
10.47176/ijpr.19.4.36941
surface polaritons
graphene-based hyperbolic metamaterial
photonic crystal
tunable
A
Madani
a-madani@bonabu.ac.ir
1
Department of Photonics, Laser and Optical Engineering, University of Bonab, Bonab, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
R
Abdi-Ghaleh
reza.abdi82@gmail.com
2
Department of Photonics, Laser and Optical Engineering, University of Bonab, Bonab, Iran
AUTHOR
J
Poursamad
jpoursamad@yahoo.com
3
Department of Photonics, Laser and Optical Engineering, University of Bonab, Bonab, Iran
AUTHOR
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