The Physics Society of Iran Iranian Journal of Physics Research 1682-6957 25 1 2025 05 22 Reconstruction of the depth of shower maximum using radio signal of extensive air showers Reconstruction of the depth of shower maximum using radio signal of extensive air showers 25 32 3643 10.47176/ijpr.25.1.61913 FA Maryam Mostafavi Alhosseini Physcs faculty, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran Gohar Rastegarzadeh Physcs faculty, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran 0000-0001-9240-7841 Journal Article 2024 06 19 In the present work, we proposed an approach to estimate the depth of shower maximum of extensive air showers detected with radio arrays using the least squares method based on comparing the detected signal intensity of the east-west component of the electric field vector from secondary particles with the intensity of the simulated signals in the data bank. The simulations are specifically performed for Semnan University Radio Array (SURA). Using the described method, we evaluated the error dependence of this approach on the primary characteristics of cosmic rays. The presented method can estimate the depth of shower maximum of vertical proton-initiated cosmic rays in the energy range of 100 to 500 PeV with a resolution better than 20.42 . The error can be decreased by knowing the energy of the primary particle. We evaluated the impact of the accuracy of determining the zenith angle, the core location, and the mass of the primary particle on the depth of shower maximum estimation. In the present work, we proposed an approach to estimate the depth of shower maximum of extensive air showers detected with radio arrays using the least squares method based on comparing the detected signal intensity of the east-west component of the electric field vector from secondary particles with the intensity of the simulated signals in the data bank. The simulations are specifically performed for Semnan University Radio Array (SURA). Using the described method, we evaluated the error dependence of this approach on the primary characteristics of cosmic rays. The presented method can estimate the depth of shower maximum of vertical proton-initiated cosmic rays in the energy range of 100 to 500 PeV with a resolution better than 20.42 . The error can be decreased by knowing the energy of the primary particle. We evaluated the impact of the accuracy of determining the zenith angle, the core location, and the mass of the primary particle on the depth of shower maximum estimation. https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_3643_7ae11af20803185120e83d3ce4fb4ed7.pdf