Isfahan University of Technology, The Physics Society of Iran Iranian Journal of Physics Research 1682-6957 13 3 2019 11 26 Brans-Dicke classical cosmology in Einstein frame and metric Brans-Dicke classical cosmology in Einstein frame and metric 203 211 1032 FA H Ghaffarnejad Journal Article 2019 11 26 Pauli (or Einstein) frame is used to study the Brans-Dicke gravity theory, minimally coupled with dilatonic Brans-Dicke scalar field, whose solutions involve degenerate metrics. Some of these solutions exhibit transitions from an Euclidean domain to a Lorentzian space-time corresponding to a spatially flat Robertson-Walker cosmology. Pauli (or Einstein) frame is used to study the Brans-Dicke gravity theory, minimally coupled with dilatonic Brans-Dicke scalar field, whose solutions involve degenerate metrics. Some of these solutions exhibit transitions from an Euclidean domain to a Lorentzian space-time corresponding to a spatially flat Robertson-Walker cosmology. Brans Dicke gravity metric signature transition Robertson Walker metric classical cosmology Dilaton field Euclidean topology Lorentzian topology Jordan frame Pauli frame https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1032_622c4cd64260188f33a0c39632581f9d.pdf
Isfahan University of Technology, The Physics Society of Iran Iranian Journal of Physics Research 1682-6957 13 3 2019 11 26 Optical extinction of Au–Ag spherical nanoalloy Optical extinction of Au–Ag spherical nanoalloy 219 225 1033 FA A Azarian M Mirseraji Journal Article 2019 11 26 In this paper, optical properties of Au–Ag spherical nanoalloy are investigated by means of Generalized Lorenz–Mie Theory (GLMT) when this nanoparticle is embedded into water. Scattering, extinction and absorption cross-sections of this nanoalloy into water are calculated by changes of incident wavelengths in visible and near infra-red region. Moreover, changes of height and wavelengths of extinction and scattering cross-sections peaks (due to Particle Plasmon Resonances (PPR)) versus alloy percentage for Au–Ag spherical nanoalloy are considered. In this paper, optical properties of Au–Ag spherical nanoalloy are investigated by means of Generalized Lorenz–Mie Theory (GLMT) when this nanoparticle is embedded into water. Scattering, extinction and absorption cross-sections of this nanoalloy into water are calculated by changes of incident wavelengths in visible and near infra-red region. Moreover, changes of height and wavelengths of extinction and scattering cross-sections peaks (due to Particle Plasmon Resonances (PPR)) versus alloy percentage for Au–Ag spherical nanoalloy are considered. Au – Ag Nanoalloy generalized Lorenz- Mie theory extinction cross-section particle plasmon https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1033_2958565a3b9e0d8fecc3c43975bb28f5.pdf
Isfahan University of Technology, The Physics Society of Iran Iranian Journal of Physics Research 1682-6957 13 3 2019 11 26 Growth simulation of Cu columnar structures under oblique angle deposition and Monte Carlo random walks Growth simulation of Cu columnar structures under oblique angle deposition and Monte Carlo random walks 227 234 1034 FA R S Dariani S Kadivian Azar Journal Article 2019 11 26 In this simulation model, oblique angle deposition method and Monte Carlo random walks have been used. Growth model was ballistic deposition (BD). Incident particles flux comes to substrate at an angle with respect to normal. Two physical factors including self-shadowing and mobility limitation of incident particles make structures similar to independent columns with different shapes and separated with voids, grow in the incident particles direction. Some parameters such as columns angle, structural morphology, density, and surface roughness are studied. Structural morphology under oblique angle is grown columnar and with an increase in the incident angle, shadowing and porosity increase. Density and interface roughness increase by increasing the incident angle, as well. In this simulation model, oblique angle deposition method and Monte Carlo random walks have been used. Growth model was ballistic deposition (BD). Incident particles flux comes to substrate at an angle with respect to normal. Two physical factors including self-shadowing and mobility limitation of incident particles make structures similar to independent columns with different shapes and separated with voids, grow in the incident particles direction. Some parameters such as columns angle, structural morphology, density, and surface roughness are studied. Structural morphology under oblique angle is grown columnar and with an increase in the incident angle, shadowing and porosity increase. Density and interface roughness increase by increasing the incident angle, as well. shadowing morphology structure density surface roughness https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1034_7ac4a71df1b782f8cfd4f799aec6ae13.pdf
Isfahan University of Technology, The Physics Society of Iran Iranian Journal of Physics Research 1682-6957 13 3 2019 11 26 Investigation of Cu2+ impurity effect on thermoluminescence Investigation of Cu2+ impurity effect on thermoluminescence 235 240 1035 FA F Torkzadeh S S Amini M Fugger Journal Article 2019 11 26 Thermoluminescence TL materials LiF(Mg,Cu2+) and LiF(Cu2+) were produced in powder. Their 3D emission spectra were investigated and compared to the commercially available LiF(Mg,Cu2+,P) and (LiF(Mg,Ti) TL materials. Emission spectrum of LiF(Mg,Cu2+) represents a peak maximum at 450 nm with a wide shoulder ranging from 520 nm to infrared area. Emission peak of LiF(Cu2+) is situated at 380 nm and its tail also is stretched to infrared. The temperature rates of main peak in glow curves for LiF(Mg,Cu2+) and LiF(Cu2+) lie at 200 °C and 250°C, respectively. Based on the obtained results, Cu impurity in LiF(Mg,Cu,P) has a major role in removing emission frequencies which are higher than 500 nm and also UV sensitivity. Thermoluminescence TL materials LiF(Mg,Cu2+) and LiF(Cu2+) were produced in powder. Their 3D emission spectra were investigated and compared to the commercially available LiF(Mg,Cu2+,P) and (LiF(Mg,Ti) TL materials. Emission spectrum of LiF(Mg,Cu2+) represents a peak maximum at 450 nm with a wide shoulder ranging from 520 nm to infrared area. Emission peak of LiF(Cu2+) is situated at 380 nm and its tail also is stretched to infrared. The temperature rates of main peak in glow curves for LiF(Mg,Cu2+) and LiF(Cu2+) lie at 200 °C and 250°C, respectively. Based on the obtained results, Cu impurity in LiF(Mg,Cu,P) has a major role in removing emission frequencies which are higher than 500 nm and also UV sensitivity. thermoluminescence emission wavelength trap center LiF(Mg Cu2+) LiF(Cu) https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1035_0a57ac60ef732ff66de8a878b16086ea.pdf
Isfahan University of Technology, The Physics Society of Iran Iranian Journal of Physics Research 1682-6957 13 3 2019 11 26 Calculation of electrical transport properties and electron entanglement in inhomogeneous quantum wires Calculation of electrical transport properties and electron entanglement in inhomogeneous quantum wires 241 250 1036 FA A A Shokri M Shalileh Journal Article 2019 11 26 In this paper, we have investigated the spin-dependent transport properties and electron entanglement in a mesoscopic system, which consists of two semi-infinite leads (as source and drain) separated by a typical quantum wire with a given potential. The properties studied include current-voltage characteristic, electrical conductivity, Fano factor and shot noise, and concurrence. The calculations are based on the transfer matrix method within the effective mass approximation. Using the Landauer formalism and transmission coefficient, the dependence of the considered quantities on type of potential well, length and width of potential well, energy of transmitted electron, temperature and the voltage have been theoretically studied. Also, the effect of the above-mentioned factors has been investigated in the nanostructure. The application of the present results may be useful in designing spintronice devices. In this paper, we have investigated the spin-dependent transport properties and electron entanglement in a mesoscopic system, which consists of two semi-infinite leads (as source and drain) separated by a typical quantum wire with a given potential. The properties studied include current-voltage characteristic, electrical conductivity, Fano factor and shot noise, and concurrence. The calculations are based on the transfer matrix method within the effective mass approximation. Using the Landauer formalism and transmission coefficient, the dependence of the considered quantities on type of potential well, length and width of potential well, energy of transmitted electron, temperature and the voltage have been theoretically studied. Also, the effect of the above-mentioned factors has been investigated in the nanostructure. The application of the present results may be useful in designing spintronice devices. electrical transport entanglement concurrence Coloumb repulsion Bulge quantum wires https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1036_fb60fd2064f27ef97a4f978df8f40e63.pdf
Isfahan University of Technology, The Physics Society of Iran Iranian Journal of Physics Research 1682-6957 13 3 2019 11 26 Comparison of the superconducting proximity effect in the superconductors with singlet, OSP and ESP triplet pairings Comparison of the superconducting proximity effect in the superconductors with singlet, OSP and ESP triplet pairings 251 255 1037 FA M Araie M A Maleki Journal Article 2019 11 26 In this paper, we investigate the superconducting proximity effect for a superconductor with three types of singlet, OSP and ESP triplet pairings in contact with a clean ferromagnetic region. Using the quasiclassical Green’s function approach, we calculate the superconducting pair amplitude function in terms of the characteristic parameters of the system and compare penetration of these superconducting correlations inside the ferromagnetic region. We show that the ESP triplet correlations have a long range thermal penetration compared with the singlet and OSP triplet correlations inside the ferromagnetic region. In this paper, we investigate the superconducting proximity effect for a superconductor with three types of singlet, OSP and ESP triplet pairings in contact with a clean ferromagnetic region. Using the quasiclassical Green’s function approach, we calculate the superconducting pair amplitude function in terms of the characteristic parameters of the system and compare penetration of these superconducting correlations inside the ferromagnetic region. We show that the ESP triplet correlations have a long range thermal penetration compared with the singlet and OSP triplet correlations inside the ferromagnetic region. superconductivity ferromagnetism singlet correlations triplet correlations long range penetration https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1037_594b0c5dd77ae7f258b657e19f1ba28d.pdf
Isfahan University of Technology, The Physics Society of Iran Iranian Journal of Physics Research 1682-6957 13 3 2019 11 26 Eigenstates of a particle in an array of hexagons with periodic boundary condition Eigenstates of a particle in an array of hexagons with periodic boundary condition 257 267 1038 FA A Nemati A Shirzad S A Jafari Journal Article 2019 11 26 In this paper the problem of a particle in an array of hexagons with periodic boundary condition is solved. Using the projection operators, we categorize eigenfunctions corresponding to each of the irreducible representations of the symmetry group . Based on these results, the Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions are discussed. In this paper the problem of a particle in an array of hexagons with periodic boundary condition is solved. Using the projection operators, we categorize eigenfunctions corresponding to each of the irreducible representations of the symmetry group . Based on these results, the Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions are discussed. potential well hexagon Schrödinger equation symmetry group character table irreducible representation projection operator https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1038_8f0906b25514ac435573df8e8f26029b.pdf
Isfahan University of Technology, The Physics Society of Iran Iranian Journal of Physics Research 1682-6957 13 3 2019 11 26 Optimization of the BCS model for small systems and thermodynamic properties of 96-97Mo Optimization of the BCS model for small systems and thermodynamic properties of 96-97Mo 267 272 1039 FA Z Kargar V Dehghani Journal Article 2019 11 26 In this paper, we have presented the optimized BCS formalism using the isothermal probability distribution. The effect of statistical fluctuations on thermodynamical properties of nuclei has been investigated. The average gap parameter is calculated and then the energy, the entropy and the heat capacity are evaluated. The resulting values are compared with results of the standard BCS and the Static Path Approximation plus Random Phase Approximation, (SPA+RPA). We have shown that the resulting heat capacity versus temperature using the optimized BCS model is very similar in shape to the experiments in the other models. The peak in the heat capacity is interpreted as the transition from the paired to the normal phase. In this paper, we have presented the optimized BCS formalism using the isothermal probability distribution. The effect of statistical fluctuations on thermodynamical properties of nuclei has been investigated. The average gap parameter is calculated and then the energy, the entropy and the heat capacity are evaluated. The resulting values are compared with results of the standard BCS and the Static Path Approximation plus Random Phase Approximation, (SPA+RPA). We have shown that the resulting heat capacity versus temperature using the optimized BCS model is very similar in shape to the experiments in the other models. The peak in the heat capacity is interpreted as the transition from the paired to the normal phase. BCS statistical fluctuations isothermal probability distribution96-97Mo https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1039_72fb18fbdd86bb5a89b0cc139a0a2ab4.pdf
Isfahan University of Technology, The Physics Society of Iran Iranian Journal of Physics Research 1682-6957 13 3 2019 11 26 The effect of the dust’s electric dipole moment on transverse oscillations of the one dimensional dusty crystals The effect of the dust’s electric dipole moment on transverse oscillations of the one dimensional dusty crystals 273 281 1040 FA S Karimi H Hakimi Pajouh Journal Article 2019 11 26 In this paper, we investigated the effect of dipole-dipole interaction between the dust particles on the transverse oscillation of one dimensional dusty crystal. We used the Boltzmann distribution for the electrons and ions density and assumed that dust particles are negatively charged. The equation of motion for dust particles in this one dimensional chain was obtained. It is shown that the direction of dipoles plays an important role in the motion of dusts and significantly changes the oscillation frequency. Also, in the long wavelength approximation, a nonlinear Schrödinger equation for the evolution of the amplitude of the nonlinear oscillations was derived, showing that both the bright solitons and the dark solitons could exist. In this paper, we investigated the effect of dipole-dipole interaction between the dust particles on the transverse oscillation of one dimensional dusty crystal. We used the Boltzmann distribution for the electrons and ions density and assumed that dust particles are negatively charged. The equation of motion for dust particles in this one dimensional chain was obtained. It is shown that the direction of dipoles plays an important role in the motion of dusts and significantly changes the oscillation frequency. Also, in the long wavelength approximation, a nonlinear Schrödinger equation for the evolution of the amplitude of the nonlinear oscillations was derived, showing that both the bright solitons and the dark solitons could exist. Dusty plasma crystal stability domain envelope soliton https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1040_c0a15f02dd1361864dadff361306e526.pdf
Isfahan University of Technology, The Physics Society of Iran Iranian Journal of Physics Research 1682-6957 13 3 2019 11 26 Nano structures of amorphous silicon: localization and energy gap Nano structures of amorphous silicon: localization and energy gap 283 287 1041 FA Z Nourbakhsh M Lusk S J Hashemifar H Akbarzadeh Journal Article 2019 11 26 Renewable energy research has created a push for new materials one of the most attractive material in this field is quantum confined hybrid silicon nano-structures (nc-Si:H) embedded in hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H). The essential step for this investigation is studying a-Si and its ability to produce quantum confinement (QC) in nc-Si: H. Increasing the gap of a-Si system causes solar cell efficiency to increase. By computational calculations based on Density Functional Theory (DFT), we calculated a special localization factor, [G Allan et al., Phys. Rev. B 57 (1997) 6933.], for the states close to HOMO and LUMO in a-Si, and found most weak-bond Si atoms. By removing these silicon atoms and passivating the system with hydrogen, we were able to increase the gap in the a-Si system. As more than 8% hydrogenate was not experimentally available, we removed about 2% of the most localized Si atoms in the almost tetrahedral a-Si system. After removing localized Si atoms in the system with 1000 Si atoms, and adding 8% H, the gap increased about 0.24 eV. Variation of the gap as a function of hydrogen percentage was in good agreement with the Tight –Binding results, but about 2 times more than its experimental value. This might come from the fact that in the experimental conditions, it does not have the chance to remove the most localized states. However, by improving the experimental conditions and technology, this value can be improved. Renewable energy research has created a push for new materials one of the most attractive material in this field is quantum confined hybrid silicon nano-structures (nc-Si:H) embedded in hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H). The essential step for this investigation is studying a-Si and its ability to produce quantum confinement (QC) in nc-Si: H. Increasing the gap of a-Si system causes solar cell efficiency to increase. By computational calculations based on Density Functional Theory (DFT), we calculated a special localization factor, [G Allan et al., Phys. Rev. B 57 (1997) 6933.], for the states close to HOMO and LUMO in a-Si, and found most weak-bond Si atoms. By removing these silicon atoms and passivating the system with hydrogen, we were able to increase the gap in the a-Si system. As more than 8% hydrogenate was not experimentally available, we removed about 2% of the most localized Si atoms in the almost tetrahedral a-Si system. After removing localized Si atoms in the system with 1000 Si atoms, and adding 8% H, the gap increased about 0.24 eV. Variation of the gap as a function of hydrogen percentage was in good agreement with the Tight –Binding results, but about 2 times more than its experimental value. This might come from the fact that in the experimental conditions, it does not have the chance to remove the most localized states. However, by improving the experimental conditions and technology, this value can be improved. density functional theory amorphous stucture silicon localization energy gap HOMO LUMO DOS quantum confinement https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1041_82ade327e694e27556f0f0845cc2f57d.pdf
Isfahan University of Technology, The Physics Society of Iran Iranian Journal of Physics Research 1682-6957 13 3 2019 11 26 Systematic calculation of nuclear level density parameter Systematic calculation of nuclear level density parameter 289 295 1042 FA Z Kargar Z Amini Lary A Anbaraki Journal Article 2019 11 26 The knowledge of nuclear reaction rates is important for studying energy production and nucleosynthesis, especially in reactions including nuclei far from stability line, which are not accessible experimentally so far and thus it is necessary to be able to predict reaction cross sections in low excitation energies. Nuclear level density is one of the important key quantities in many nuclear physics fields for both evaluations of reactions cross sections and statistical calculations. Statistical properties of atomic nuclei can be described by considering the excited nuclei as a Fermi gas with non interacting particles consisting of two kinds of particles, protons and neutrons. Back shifted Fermi gas model is a modified form of the original Bethe analytical formula that both the energy shifted parameter E1 and the level density parameter are considered as adjustable parameters, which yield a reasonable fit to the experimental level densities over a wide range of excitation energies. In this article, the results of and E1 from fitting the number of levels versus energy with the corresponding experimental values for 468 nuclei are reported. The dependence of nuclear level density parameter on the mass number A for even- even, odd-A and odd- odd nuclei is given by , and , respectively. Large variations of this parameter in Z=82 and N=126 indicate its strong dependence on shell effects. General behavior of this parameter versus mass number A obeys the relation .These relations are reliable facilities for extrapolating the nuclei far from stability which are not accessible experimentally. The knowledge of nuclear reaction rates is important for studying energy production and nucleosynthesis, especially in reactions including nuclei far from stability line, which are not accessible experimentally so far and thus it is necessary to be able to predict reaction cross sections in low excitation energies. Nuclear level density is one of the important key quantities in many nuclear physics fields for both evaluations of reactions cross sections and statistical calculations. Statistical properties of atomic nuclei can be described by considering the excited nuclei as a Fermi gas with non interacting particles consisting of two kinds of particles, protons and neutrons. Back shifted Fermi gas model is a modified form of the original Bethe analytical formula that both the energy shifted parameter E1 and the level density parameter are considered as adjustable parameters, which yield a reasonable fit to the experimental level densities over a wide range of excitation energies. In this article, the results of and E1 from fitting the number of levels versus energy with the corresponding experimental values for 468 nuclei are reported. The dependence of nuclear level density parameter on the mass number A for even- even, odd-A and odd- odd nuclei is given by , and , respectively. Large variations of this parameter in Z=82 and N=126 indicate its strong dependence on shell effects. General behavior of this parameter versus mass number A obeys the relation .These relations are reliable facilities for extrapolating the nuclei far from stability which are not accessible experimentally. nuclear level density nuclear reaction rates cross section https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1042_7cf93b61d843aac172bef2a1d7dd4e13.pdf
Isfahan University of Technology, The Physics Society of Iran Iranian Journal of Physics Research 1682-6957 13 3 2019 11 26 The effect of position variation of an electrical charge or dipole on the electronic transport of a simple cubic nanocrystal The effect of position variation of an electrical charge or dipole on the electronic transport of a simple cubic nanocrystal 303 307 1043 FA M Mardaani H Rabani F Aghababaei Journal Article 2019 11 26 In this paper, we investigate the electrical conductance and density of states of a nanocrystal including an electrical charge or dipole located at cross section of nanocrystal by using Green’s function method in the nearest neighbor tight-binding approach. The results show that moving the electrical charge from center to the edge of the nanocrystal increases the system transmission coefficient. In contrast, shifting the electrical dipole from the center to the edge of the nanocrystal, decreases of the system conductance. In this paper, we investigate the electrical conductance and density of states of a nanocrystal including an electrical charge or dipole located at cross section of nanocrystal by using Green’s function method in the nearest neighbor tight-binding approach. The results show that moving the electrical charge from center to the edge of the nanocrystal increases the system transmission coefficient. In contrast, shifting the electrical dipole from the center to the edge of the nanocrystal, decreases of the system conductance. electrical chatge electrical dipole Green’s function tight-binding conductance https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1043_a6bc44b17116be086d88a954c4832e06.pdf
Isfahan University of Technology, The Physics Society of Iran Iranian Journal of Physics Research 1682-6957 13 3 2019 11 26 Effective mass in diluted magnetic semiconductors: Zn0.98Ti0.02O by means of magneto-optics Effective mass in diluted magnetic semiconductors: Zn0.98Ti0.02O by means of magneto-optics 309 309 1044 FA A Mokhtari Journal Article 2019 11 26 Thin film samples of Ti-doped ZnO were grown on sapphire (0001) substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The magnetic moments were measured by SQUID magnetometry and the films were ferromagnetic at room temperature. The Faraday rotations and magnetic circular dichroisms (MCD) were measured as a function of energy at the range of 1.5-4 eV, and carrier concentrations were obtained from Hall effect measurement. The samples exhibited a band-edge shift, which varied with carrier concentration. Effective-mass of carriers were obtained by the Burstein-Moss effect and the band-gap shrinkage Thin film samples of Ti-doped ZnO were grown on sapphire (0001) substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The magnetic moments were measured by SQUID magnetometry and the films were ferromagnetic at room temperature. The Faraday rotations and magnetic circular dichroisms (MCD) were measured as a function of energy at the range of 1.5-4 eV, and carrier concentrations were obtained from Hall effect measurement. The samples exhibited a band-edge shift, which varied with carrier concentration. Effective-mass of carriers were obtained by the Burstein-Moss effect and the band-gap shrinkage diluted magnetic semiconductor magnetic circular dichroism effective-mass Burstein-Moss effect band-gap shrinkage https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1044_277bdad19bac5885b19f4a578f847e91.pdf
Isfahan University of Technology, The Physics Society of Iran Iranian Journal of Physics Research 1682-6957 13 3 2019 11 26 Longitudinal profile of Nµ/Ne in extensive air showers: Implications for cosmic rays mass composition study Longitudinal profile of Nµ/Ne in extensive air showers: Implications for cosmic rays mass composition study 310 310 1045 FA D Purmohammad Journal Article 2019 11 26 Nµ/Ne, muon to electron population ratio in extensive air showers at high altitudes has been shown to be a suitable estimator of primary cosmic rays mass composition. This study is based on simulated extensive air showers. The Nµ/Ne ratio has been obtained in 100 depths from the top of the atmosphere to the sea level for different primary particle masses and energies. An empirical relation between cosmic ray atomic mass and Nµ/Ne has been obtained. The relation has then been used for estimation of atomic masses of progenitors of another set of simulated showers. Although the estimated masses are rough, the accuracy of the estimation improves with observation altitude. Nµ/Ne, muon to electron population ratio in extensive air showers at high altitudes has been shown to be a suitable estimator of primary cosmic rays mass composition. This study is based on simulated extensive air showers. The Nµ/Ne ratio has been obtained in 100 depths from the top of the atmosphere to the sea level for different primary particle masses and energies. An empirical relation between cosmic ray atomic mass and Nµ/Ne has been obtained. The relation has then been used for estimation of atomic masses of progenitors of another set of simulated showers. Although the estimated masses are rough, the accuracy of the estimation improves with observation altitude. cosmic rays extensive air showers cosmic ray mass composition muon to electron ratio https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1045_82ffd45b1713aaab331515e086fe34d3.pdf
Isfahan University of Technology, The Physics Society of Iran Iranian Journal of Physics Research 1682-6957 13 3 2019 11 26 Investigation of the metal ions effect on the growth of KDP crystal with emphasize on Al3+ ions effect Investigation of the metal ions effect on the growth of KDP crystal with emphasize on Al3+ ions effect 311 311 1046 FA H Sarvalishah A H Rezvani H Fakhraian H Jalily Journal Article 2019 11 26 Effect of Al3+ ions on the optical quality, growth rate, shape, and structure of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystal was investigated. Growth method was based on the “point seed” method in a solution with optimum concentration, following spontaneous growth at room temperature. FTIR spectrum showed neutralization of O-H group in KDP crystal by Al3+ ions. UV-Visible spectrum of the crystal containing Al3+ displayed an undesirable increase of the optical absorption in the 200-300 nm region with a maximum at 270 nm. It seems that the absorption in the 200-300 nm region is due to substitution of phosphorus by Al ions. In fact, (AlO4)2- ions are present in the KDP crystals and give rise to ultraviolet absorption. Effect of Al3+ ions on the optical quality, growth rate, shape, and structure of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystal was investigated. Growth method was based on the “point seed” method in a solution with optimum concentration, following spontaneous growth at room temperature. FTIR spectrum showed neutralization of O-H group in KDP crystal by Al3+ ions. UV-Visible spectrum of the crystal containing Al3+ displayed an undesirable increase of the optical absorption in the 200-300 nm region with a maximum at 270 nm. It seems that the absorption in the 200-300 nm region is due to substitution of phosphorus by Al ions. In fact, (AlO4)2- ions are present in the KDP crystals and give rise to ultraviolet absorption. KDP crystal harmonic generations growth rate growth from solutions impurity https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1046_95bbb241339a4b88842f9cb35a86a486.pdf
Isfahan University of Technology, The Physics Society of Iran Iranian Journal of Physics Research 1682-6957 13 3 2019 11 26 Thermal gravitational waves in accelerating universe Thermal gravitational waves in accelerating universe 312 312 1047 FA B Ghayour Journal Article 2019 11 26 Gravitational waves are considered in thermal vacuum state. The amplitude and spectral energy density of gravitational waves are found enhanced in thermal vacuum state compared to its zero temperature counterpart. Therefore, the allowed amount of enhancement depends on the upper bound of WMAP-5 and WMAP-7 for the amplitude and spectral energy density of gravitational waves. The enhancement of amplitude and spectral energy density of the waves in thermal vacuum state is consistent with current accelerating phase of the universe. The enhancement feature of amplitude and spectral energy density of the waves is independent of the expansion model of the universe and hence the thermal effect accounts for it. Therefore, existence of thermal gravitational waves is not ruled out Gravitational waves are considered in thermal vacuum state. The amplitude and spectral energy density of gravitational waves are found enhanced in thermal vacuum state compared to its zero temperature counterpart. Therefore, the allowed amount of enhancement depends on the upper bound of WMAP-5 and WMAP-7 for the amplitude and spectral energy density of gravitational waves. The enhancement of amplitude and spectral energy density of the waves in thermal vacuum state is consistent with current accelerating phase of the universe. The enhancement feature of amplitude and spectral energy density of the waves is independent of the expansion model of the universe and hence the thermal effect accounts for it. Therefore, existence of thermal gravitational waves is not ruled out gravitational waves thermal vacuum state https://ijpr.iut.ac.ir/article_1047_dd45aa036b607feaff19f04f9881f8cc.pdf
Isfahan University of Technology, The Physics Society of Iran Iranian Journal of Physics Research 1682-6957 13 3 2019 11 26 Synthesis and thermoluminescence properties of CaF2:Tm,Ce nanoparticles Synthesis and thermoluminescence properties of CaF2:Tm,Ce nanoparticles 313 313 1048 FA M Zahedifar E Sadeghi Journal Article 2019 11 26 Calcium fluoride nanoparticles doped with thulium and cerium were synthesized as a novel nanostructure by using the hydrothermal method. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The crystallite size of about 36 nm was estimated employing Scherer’s formula. Its shape and size were also observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Computerized glow curve deconvolution (CGCD) technique revealed two overlapping thermoluminescence glow peaks at around 402 and 457 K in the complex thermoluminescence glow curve of this phosphor. Other thermoluminescence characteristics of this phosphor such as fading, reuseability and dose response recommend it as a good candidate for high dose dosimetry. Calcium fluoride nanoparticles doped with thulium and cerium were synthesized as a novel nanostructure by using the hydrothermal method. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The crystallite size of about 36 nm was estimated employing Scherer’s formula. Its shape and size were also observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Computerized glow curve deconvolution (CGCD) technique revealed two overlapping thermoluminescence glow peaks at around 402 and 457 K in the complex thermoluminescence glow curve of this phosphor. Other thermoluminescence characteristics of this phosphor such as fading, reuseability and dose response recommend it as a good candidate for high dose dosimetry. nanoparticles thermoluminescence hydrothermal method, high dose dosimetry