Document Type : Review Article
Authors
- Shahin Sanaye Hajari 1
- Mahyar Shirshekan 1
- Hamed Shaker 1
- Farshad Ghasemi 2
- Sasan Ahmadian Namin 1
- Mitra Ansari 3
- Mahdi Bahrami 4
- Hadi Behnamian 1
- Saeed Haghtalab 1
- Mohammad Reza Khalvati 1
- esmat Darvish Roknabadi 1
- Hosein Delsim Hashemi 5
- H Salamati 6
- Mohammad Salehi 2
- F Abbasi Davani 7
- Samira Kasaei 1
- Siamak Nazemi 8
- Seadat Varnasseri 9
- M Yarmohammadi Satri 10
- M Lamehi Rashti 11
1 School of Particles and Accelerator, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
2 School of physics and Accelerators, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Atomic Energy Organization of Iran
3 School of Radiation Applications,, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Atomic Energy Organization of Iran
4 Hooman Sanaat Company
5 Desy, Hamburg, Deutchland
6 Physics Department, Esfahan University of Technology, Esfahan, IRAN
7 Shahid Beheshti University of Tehran
8 Nuclear Engineering Department, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IRAN
9 ESS Bilbao Spain
10 Physics and Accelerator Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research School (NSTRI), Tehran, Iran
11 1. School of Particles and Accelerator, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
Abstract
In this paper, the design and construction process of a traveling wave electron linear accelerator is presented briefly. The machine consists of an electron gun followed by a prebuncher, a traveling wave buncher, an accelerating tube and the diagnostics instruments. Solenoid magnets provide the beam focusing. A klystron has been used as the RF power source. The linac components are controlled and monitored by a comprehensive control system. All the sub systems of this accelerator are designed and developed based on the domestic technology. The output beam has a maximum energy of 4.5 MeV. The beam parameters like energy, intensity, transverse size and emittance are measurable and tunable. The IPM Linac is a unique tool for experimental R&D in accelerator and beam physics in Iran.
Keywords
۱] Prinzip einer Methode zur Herstellung von Kanalstrahlen hoher Voltzah , G. Ising, Arkiv för Matematik, Astronomi och Fysik, 18 (1924), 1–4.
[۲] Über ein neues Prinzip zur Herstellung hoher Spannungen, R. Wideröe, Arch.für Elektrotechnik, 21 (1928), 387–406.
[۳] The Production of Heavy High Speed Ions without the Use of High Voltages, D.H. Sloan and E.O. Lawrence, Phys. Rev. 38 (1931) 2021.
[۴] The Theory of Disk Loaded Wave Guides, E. L. Chu and W. W. Hansen, Journal of Applied Physics 18, 996 (1947) and, Disk Loaded Wave Guides, E. L. Chu and W. W. Hansen, Journal of Applied Physics 20, 280 (1949).
[۵] The Design of Linear Accelerator, J.C. Slater, Rev. of Modern Physics 20, 473 (1948)
[۶] A Linear Electron Accelerator, E. L. Ginzton, W. W. Hansen, and W. R. Kennedy, Review of Scientific Instruments 19, 89 (1948).
[۷]Stanford High Energy Linear Electron Accelerator (Mark III), M. Chodorow, E. L. Ginzton, W. W. Hansen, R. L. Kyhl, R. B. Neal et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 26, 134 (1955).
[۹] Linear Accelerators. Pierre M. Lapostolle and Albert L. Septier, North-Holland Publ. Comp. Amsterdam, 1970.
[۱۰] EPICS, Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System. https://epics.anl.gov
[۱۱]LabVIEW.https:www.ni.com
[۱۲] A new type of rf electron accelerator: The Rhodotron. J. Pottier, NIM B 40/41(pt.2), 943 (1989).
[۱۳] Technical status of the first industrial unit of the 10 MeV, 100 kW Rhodotron. D. Defrise, M. Abs, F. Genin, Y. Jongen, Rad. Phys. And Chem. 46(part1), 473 (1995).
[۱۵] Design and Simulation of Prebuncher for S-Band Linear Accelerator. S. Zarei, F. Abbasi, F. Ghasemi, S. Ahmadiannamini, S.H. Shaker, Proceedings of IPAC2012, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, TUPPR050
[۱۶] Design and Construction of a Prebuncher for Iranian Low Energy Linear Accelerator. Sasan Ahmadiannamin†, Seyed Hamed Shaker, Mohammad Lamehi Rachti, Mehdi Bahrami, Mahyar Shirshekan, Mohammad Reza Khalvati, Proceedings of IPAC2017, Copenhagen, Denmark, TUPAB045
[۱۷] CST Studio
[۱۸] Design, construction and tuning of S-band coupler for institute for research in fundamental sciences electron linear accelerator (IPM E-linac), F.Ghasemi, F.Abbasi Davani M.Lamehi Rashti, H.Shaker, S.Ahmadiannamin, NIM A Vol772, 2015, p.52.
[۲۰] Poisson/Superfish, Los Alamos Accelerator Code Group, LA-UR-87-115, 1987
[۲۱] CST Studio Suite 3D EM simulation and analysis software, ⟨http://www.cst.com⟩
[۲۲] Ansoft high frequency structure simulation code, ⟨http://www.ansoft.com/hfss⟩
[۲۴] Investigation of using shrinking method in construction of Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences Electron Linear Accelerator TW-tube (IPM TW-Linac tube) , F. Ghasemi and F. Abbasi Davani, JINST, Vol. 10, 2015, p.
[۲۵] SAS Inc., ANSYS, trademark, http://www.ansys.com/.
[۲۶]Determination of field strength in a linear accelerator cavity, Maier Jr, L.C.and Slater,J.C. ,Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 23 ,1952, page 68.
[۲۷]Microwave electronics: measurement and materials characterization, Chen L.F., Ong C.K., Neo C.P., Varadan V.V. and Varadan V.K., John Wiley & Sons, 2004.
[۲۸]Electrical axes of Tesla-type cavities, Labanc A., Report No. DESY-TESLA-2008-01, 2008
[۲۹]Accuracy of microwave cavity perturbation measurements, Carter R.G., Microwave Theory and Technics, IEEE Transaction on, Vol. 49, 2001, p. 918.
[۳۰]RF measurements and characterizations of Linac cavity using and automated bead pull measurement system, Mandi T.K., Pandey H.K., Basak S., Bandyopadhyay A. and Chakrabarti A., Proceedings of the DAE-BRNS Indian particle accelerator conference, 2009.
[۳۱]Tuning of X-band travelling wave accelerating structures, Shi J., Grudiev A., Wensch W., NIM A7fv04, 2013, p. 14.
[۳۲]Tuning of CLIC accelerating structure prototypes at CERN, Shi J., Gradiev A., Olyunin A., Wensch W., Proceeding of Linear Accelerator Conference LINAC2010, Tsukuba, Japan, MOPO22.
[۳۳]Tuning procedure for travelling wave structures and its application to the C-band cavities for SPARC photo injector energy upgrade, Alesini D., Citterio A., Compogiani G., Ficcadenti L., Migliorati M., Mostacci A., Palumbo l., Persichelli S., Zennaro R., JINST 8 , 2013, 10010.
[۳۷]Design of a Pi/2 mode S-band low energy TW electron linear accelerator, Shaker S.H., Ghasemi F., Proceeding of IPAC2011, MOPC009
[۳۸]Construction of disk-loaded buncher for S-band low energy TW electron Linac, Ghasemi F., Abbasi Davani F., Ahmadiannamini S., Shafiee M., Lamehi Rashti M. and Shaker H., Proceeding of IPAC2012, WEPPD063
[۴۰] Transverse beam dynamics of an 8 MeV electron Linac, Sanaye Hajari Sh., Haghtalab S.,
Shaker H., Dayyani Kelisani M., Proceeding of IPAC2017, THPVA009
[۴۲] Current status of IPM Linac control system, Haghtalab S., Ghasemi F., Lamehi M., Ahmadiannamin S., Abbasi Davani F., Proceeding of IPAC2017, TUPAB042
[ [45 Beam Diagnostics for Accelerators, Koziol H., CAS lectures, Loutraki, Greece, 2000.
[46] A Diagnostics Box for the Linear Accelerator of Institute for Research in Fundamental Science (IPM), S. Sanaye Hajari et al., Proceedings, 29th Linear Accelerator Conference, LINAC2018, Beijing, China.
[47] Spectrometer design for diagnostics in a wide range of energy at a linear accelerator, . Kasaei S., Sh. Sanaye Hajari, M. Bahrami and H. Shaker, Journal of instrumentation, 13 P06021 (2018)
[[48 Transverse emittance measurement at REGAE via a solenoid scan, M. Hachmann, Diploma thesis, Hamburg University, 2012.
[۴۹] Target investigation driven by a 10 MeV electron Linacfor bremsstrahlung production,
- Yarmohammadi Satri†, M. Lamehi Rachti, S. H. Shaker, F. Ghasemi, Proceeding of IPAC2017, Copenhagen Denmark.