Document Type : Original Article
Authors
Physics Department, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
Abstract
The radio blackout occurring in hypersonic spacecraft re-entry is a very fundamental problem, primarily because of the relatively long (several minutes) blackout period. In this research, the role of injected solid dielectric particulate into the plasma sheath formed around the spacecraft in mitigating the radio communication cut-off between the ground-based station and the space vehicle is studied analytically. Considering the propagation dynamics of radio waves in the dusty plasma formed by solid particle injection and using Fresnel’s formulae, the effect of dust particle number density and its dimension is investigated in the frequency range of 1-20GHz. In addition, the effect of the incident angle of the wave with the hypersonic shuttle nose surface has also been studied.
Keywords
- hypersonic vehicle
- plasma sheath
- dusty plasma
- injection of dielectric materials
- transmission and reflection coefficients
Main Subjects
- E D Gillman, J E Foster, and I M Blankson, (No. NASA/TM-2010-216220),(2010) .
- G He, Y Zhan, J Zhang, and N Ge, IEEE Transactions on plasma science44, 3 (2016)232.
- D Luís, V Giangaspero, A Viladegut, A Lani, A Camps, and O Chazot, Acta Astronautica212 (2023)408.
- M KIM,“Encyclopedia of Plasma Technology” ,CRC Press (2016).
- E Seedhouse, “ Tourists in Space: A Practical Guide”, Springer (2008).
- J Li, L Hao and J Li, Science China Technological Sciences62 (2019) 2204.
- Y Takahashi, K Yamada, and T Abe, Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets51 (2014)1954.
- A B Carlson and H A Hassan, Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer6 (1992)400.
- R P Starkey, Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets52(2015)426.
- L Vico and A Hargens, Nature Reviews Rheumatology14 (2018)229.
- M De Cesare, L Savino, G Ceglia, D Alfano, F Di Carolo, A D French, and F Terrasi, Progress in Aerospace Sciences112 (2020)100550.
- O Trivailo, M Sippel, and Y A Şekercioğlu, Progress in Aerospace Sciences53 (2012)1.
- R Savino, M E D’Elia, and V Carandente, Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets52 (2015)
- D Sziroczak and S Howard. Progress in Aerospace Sciences 84 (2016)
- E S Oran, Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 35 (2015)
- P J Decoursey, J K Walker, and S A Smith, Journal of Comparative Physiology A 186 (2000)169.
- P Muri and J Mcnair, Commun 7 (2012) 290.
- B Yao, X Li, L Shi, Y Liu, and B Bai, Aerospace Science and Technology78 (2018)480.
- R P Starkey, Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets 52 (2015)426.
- T Fujino, and M Ishikawa, IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science34 (2016)409.
- G Rosen, The Physics of Fluids 5 (1962)737.
- F F Chen, “Introduction to plasma physics and controlled fusion”, New York, Plenum press (1984).
- P K Shukla and A A Mamun,” Introduction to dusty plasma physics”, CRC press (2015).
- M M Finckenor, “Materials for spacecraft”. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (2018).
- Q Rao, G Xu, P Wang, and Z Zheng, Sensors21 (2021)263.
- Z Liu, D Wang, and G Miloshevsky, Nuclear materials and energy12 (2017)530.
- G W Shin, J H Kim, S H Lee, I Y Bang, J H Kim, Y S Park, and G C Kwon, Aerospace10 (2023)87.
)